Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA): A Climate-Resilient Approach to Sustainable Fish Farming

Abstract

Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) represents a transformative shift from conventional
monoculture-based aquaculture systems toward ecosystem-oriented production models. While
aquaculture has emerged as the fastest-growing food production sector globally, its intensification
has generated substantial ecological concerns, including nutrient enrichment, eutrophication,
benthic degradation, and greenhouse gas emissions.