Comparative Evaluation of Butorphanol and Nalbuphine as Adjuvants in Ultrasound- Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block

Abstract

Background: Ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block (SCBPB) is a widely used
technique for upper limb surgeries. The addition of opioid adjuvants like butorphanol and
nalbuphine to local anaesthetics has been shown to prolong postoperative analgesia. However,
their comparative efficacy in this setting remains underexplored.
Aim: To compare the efficacy of butorphanol and nalbuphine as adjuvants to bupivacaine in
ultrasound-guided SCBPB, with respect to duration and quality of postoperative analgesia.