Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolates from diseased swine in southwest, China

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in the clinical
bacterial isolates from diseased swine in southwest, China during 2009-2010. A total of 504 bacterial
isolates (19 species) were collected from the 364 clinical samples. The activity of 6-14 antibiotics to each
bacterial species was examined. The sensitivity was tested by the disk diffusion method and performed
according to CLSI guidelines in Mueller-Hinton agar. The most common pathogens were Escherichia coli
(n=154; 30.56%), Staphylococcus spp. (n=110; 21.83%), Enterococcus faecalis (n=58; 11.51%), Klebsiella
pneumoniae (n=44; 8.73%), Proteus mirabilis (n=43; 8.53%) and Streptococcus suis (n=30; 5.93%). All
isolates revealed high level of resistance to ampicillin (47.6-100%), amoxicillin (52.6-100%), cephalothin
(29-100%), norfloxacin (52.6-83.3%), gentamicin (45.1-83.3%) and terramycin (61.9-100%). Moreover, 93% of
the isolates exhibited multiple drug resistance (MDR; resistance ≥ 3 antimicrobials). Only
ticarcillin/clavulanate exhibited very high activity against E. coli (98.1%), Staphylococcus spp. (91.9%), K.
pneumaniae (92.3%) and P. mirabilis (97.2%), respectively. These findings suggest that antimicrobial
resistance of bacterial pathogens isolates is commonly present among diseased swine in Southwest,
China, and they also suggest the need for more prudent use of antibiotics by farmers and veterinarians.